rockyourworld（rockyourworld什么意思）
rockyourworld（rockyourworld什么意思）
1、一句话的第一个单词首字母要大写。
如：She is my sister.
2、表示称呼或职务的词首字母大写，人名要大写。
如：Ms. Wang is Prof. Zhao’s sister.
3、大部分的缩写都需要大写。
如：I've lost my ID card.
4、专有名词（如国家、地方和人名等）的首字母大写。
如：I know Jack lives in Shanghai, China.
5、将亲戚作为称呼语时首字母大写。
如：Thank you, Mum.
6、语言、民族或其形容词的首字母大写。
如：I have an Australian friend who can speak Chinese perfectly.
7、月份和星期几的首字母要大写。
如：Today is the fourth Thursday of November.
8、节日名称的第一个实词首字母大写。
如：The Spring Festival is the most important holidays in China.
扩展资料
英语中数字的写法规则
1、在会计中，数字频繁出现，用阿拉伯数字比用单词陈述更有利。
The new engine has a capacity of 4.3 litres and a power output of 153 kilowatts at 4400 revolutions per minute.
这台新发动机的容积为4.3升，转速为每分钟4400转，时输出功率是153千瓦。
2、遇到日期、百分比、带单位的特殊数字，通常用阿拉伯数字。
3rd March 1991或3 March 1991
ordered 2 pounds of minced steak（订购2磅肉馅）
如果涉及的数目和单位是不定数，可用单词表示。
about five miles per hour（每小时大约5英里）
at least ten yards away（至少有10码远）
3、遇到分数，可用带连字符的单词表示。
At 1east two-thirds of the class have had colds.
这个班至少有三分之二的学生患重感冒。
希望我找的这些对你有帮助
网址：
;searchtype=titlekeyword
还有这个美国英语情景对话大全
三段打电话找人的典型英语对话
In this conversation， Sally is a receptionist for a major computer hardware supplier. This particular morning， she is also filling in for a personal secretary who called in sick.
Sally： Good morning， ABC Computers， Sally speaking. Can I help you？
Caller 1： Yes， I'm Dave Michaels. I'd like to talk to Amy Winters， please.
Sally： Just a moment， please. I'll transfer you.
Caller 1： Thank you.
Sally： Good morning， ABC Computers， Sally speaking. Can I help you？
Caller 2： My name is Lance Stevens. May I speak to your Customer Service manager？
Sally： I'm sorry， he's in a meeting. May I take a message？
Caller 2： When will he be available？
Sally： I don't know， sir. Would you like to leave a message？
Caller： No， that's OK. I'll call back.
Sally： Good morning. Ms Carling's office. What can I do for you？
Caller 3： This is Marlene Casper. I need to meet with Ms Carling. She knows who I am.
Sally： Hold on ， please. I'll check her schedule…… You can meet with Ms Carling at 10：00 tomorrow.
Caller 3： That'll be fine. Thank you very much.
中文参考：
在这段对话中，Sally是一家大型电脑硬件供应商的接待员。今天早晨，一位私人秘书请了病假，Sally暂替她的工作。
Sally： 早上好。ABC公司，我是Sally，请问您有什么事吗？
Caller 1： 是的，我是Dave Michaels，请Amy Winters听电话。
Sally： 请稍等。我给你转过去。
Caller 1： 谢谢。
Sally： 早上好。ABC公司，我是Sally，请问您找那位？
Caller 2： 我是Lance Stevens，请你们的客户服务部经理接电话，好吗？
Sally： 对不起，他在开会。要留个口信吗？
Caller 2： 他什么时间方便？
Sally： 我不知道，先生。您需要留个口信吗？
Caller 2： 不用了。我会再打过来的。
Sally： 早上好，Carling女士的办公室，我能为您做什么吗？
Caller 3： 我是Marlene Casper，我要约见Carling女士，她知道我是谁。
Sally： 请稍等，我查一下她的日程……您明天10：00可以会见Carling女士。
Caller 3：很好。非常感谢
再有关于贸易的三人英语对话
In this conversation, Rocky Simons is the owner of a small company that manufactures recreational speedboats.He is having a telephone conversation with Jacques Riviera, owner of a seaside resort in another country.
Rocky: Good morning, Jacques. Nice talking to you again.How’s the weather in your part of the world?
Jacques: Couldn’t be better, Rocky.Sunny, 29°, light breeze...
Rocky: Stop! I can’t take any more.So, what can I do for you, Jacques?
Jacques: I need a couple of your SB2000 speedboats to rent to guests. Can you give me a price quote?
Rocky: Let’s see... Uh, the list price is $6,500 U.S. You’re a valued customer, so I’ll give you a 10% discount.
Jacques: That’s very reasonable. Do you have them in stock?
Rocky: Sure do! We set up new inventory controls last year, so we don’t have many backlogs any more.
Jacques: That’s good. The tourist season is just around the corner, so I need them pretty quick. What’s the earliest shipping date you can manage?
Rocky: They can be ready for shipment in 2-3 weeks.
Jacques: Perfect.What’s the total CIF price, Rocky?
Rocky: Hang on ... The price will be $15,230 U.S. to your usual port. Do we have a deal?
Jacques: You bet! Send me a fax with all the information, and I’ll send you my order right away. I’ll pay by irrevocable letter of credit, as usual. Same terms as always?
Rocky: Of course.
Jacques: Great! Nice doing business with you again, Rocky. Bye for now, and say hello to the family for me.
Rocky: Will do, and the same goes for me. Bye, Jacques.
中：
在这则对话中，Rocky Simons 是一家制造休闲快艇小公司的业主。他正和另外一个国家一家海滨度假地的业主Jacques Riviera在电话里交谈。
Rocky: 早上好，Jacques，很高兴又和你谈话。你们那儿的天气怎么样？
Jacques: 再好不过了，Rocky。晴朗，29度，微风……
Rocky: 别说了！我受不了了。我能为你做什么吗，
Jacques: 我需要两只你们生产的SB2000快艇租给游客。你能给我个报价吗？
Rocky: 让我想想……呃，报价单上是6,500美元。您是我们的一个重要客户，我会给你10%的折扣。
Jacques:那很合理。你们有现货吗？
Rocky: 当然有！我们去年建立了新的存货控制系统，所以我们不再有很多的积压订单。
Jacques:那很好。旅游旺季就要到了，所以我很快就需要它们。您最早的发货日期是什么时候？
Rocky: 可以在2-3周内准备好装船。
Jacques: 棒极了。到岸价格是多少，Rocky？
Rocky: 稍等……价格是15,230美元，到原先的港口。成交吗？
Jacques: 当然！给我发一份所有相关信息的传真，我会立即下订单。我会按惯例以不可撤销信用单方式付款。按照一惯的条款吗？
Rocky: 当然。
Jacques: 好极了！很高兴再次和你做生意，Rocky。那再见了，带我问你家人好。
Rocky: 我会的，也带我问侯你家人。再见，Jacques.
还有这个情景对话：
我从Arnold Lobel的小故事"Cookies"找到灵感,写下这段对话.感觉挺有意义的.
Will power意志力
Mike(M) Danny(C), Tommy(T)---classmates
Scene----in the college dorm
Danny is playing a computer game on his laptop. Tommy is sleeping.
Mike came back from a morning jogging.
M: hi, Dan, what are u doing?
D: I am playing war craft.
M: Where is Tommy?
D: Shiiiii!
M:What? What's the matter?
D: Don't u see? He is still sleeping.
M: My goodness! I can't believe this! It’s almost nine. He got to get up now. Don't u remember we are required to make up a three people dialogue for tomorrow's oral class?
D: Yes, I do. You wake up Tommy and I will play one more round of war craft.
M: You'd better stop playing right now. We don't have much time to prepare this dialogue. Tommy! Tommy! Wake up! Time to wake up!
T:five more minutes, please.
Mike: No way, Jose. Time really flies.We still have a lot to do. Hurry up.
T: (Tommy sits up in his bed) Can I lie down two more minutes, please, just two more minutes? when Danny finishes his game, I will be fine.(Yawns) I don't know why I am so so sleepy. (Tommy lies down again.)
M: Guys!!! I am really angry now. Time waits for nobody. If you two don't stop what you are doing now, I will find somebody else to be my partners.
D and T: all right. All right. We listen to u.
M: That's more like it. We need will power.
D and T: what is will power?
M: Will power is trying hard not to do something that you really want to do.
D: You mean like trying not to play war craft?
Mike: right.
T: you mean like trying not to stay up late?
M: right.
Danny turns off his computer. Tommy gets up and goes to the bathroom.
Two minutes later the three maskeetters are working on their assignment.
Danny: Mike, can I take a little break? Let me play one round and we will continue our work?
Tommy: Mike, Can I lie down a minute? My back hurts.
Mike: No! No! No! Let's finish our work first before we do anything. We need will power!!!
Danny and Tommy: that's true. We need will power! We listen to you.
The end
关于乘坐火车的对话
(Jenny and Tony are at the train station)
Tony: We want to take a train to New York.
Ticket agent (A): Regular or express train?
Tony: How much time would we save if we took
the express?
A: About one hour. The next express train arrives
in New York at 3:15.
Tony: And how much more do we have to pay for the
express?
A: First class is 24 dollars more, and second class
is 15 dollars more.
Tony (to Jenny)： What do you think?
Jenny: As long as we can arrive one hour earlier,
I don't mind paying a little extra.
Tony: OK. (to A) Then give me two second-class
tickets on the express, please.
(Tony and Jenny arrive in New York)
Jenny: Oh! At last we are in the Big Apple! Now we
have to take a subway to get to the Village. Don't we
need to buy a subway map?
Tony: Yes, but I think we can get it free at the
subway station, at the token booth.
(At the subway station)
Tony: Can I have ten tokens? And also can I get a
free subway map?
Ticket booth employee (: Sure. Here's a pack of
ten tokens, twelve-fifty, and this is your subway map.
Tony: Thank you.
Jenny: We are going to the East Village. Which
train should we take?
B: Take the No. 8 train and get off at Astor Place.
Tony/Jenny: Thanks a lot.
（东尼和珍尼在火车站）
东尼：我们要搭火车去纽约。
售票员：要普通车还是快车？
东尼：如果我们坐快车，可以节省多少时间？
售票员：差不多一个小时。下一班快车在3点15分到达纽约。
东尼：那么坐快车的话，我们要多付多少钱？
售票员：头等票多付24美元，二等票多付15美元。
东尼：（对珍尼）你认为如何？
珍尼：如果能早一个小时到达我不介意多付一些钱。
东尼：好。（对售票员）那么来两张二等快车票。
（东尼和珍尼抵达纽约）
珍尼：啊！我们终于来到纽约！要去乡村的话我们就必须坐地铁。需不需要买一张地铁路线图？
东尼：是的。但我想在地铁车站可能拿到免费的。
（在地铁车站）
东尼：给我来10个代币。另外可否给我一份地铁路线图？
售票员：当然可以。这是一包代币，12.50美元。这是地铁路线图。
东尼：谢谢。
珍尼：我们要去东方村庄该坐哪一列车呢？
售票员：坐8路车，在亚士都站下车。
东尼/珍尼：多谢。
最近上映的新片有：《赤壁》《精舞门》《龙之战》《功夫熊猫》《我老婆是赌圣》《热血高校》六月份上映大片可以看的有《夺宝奇兵4》《功夫熊猫》到了七月份可以看下《地狱男爵2》《木乃伊3》《全民超人》到了八月份，呵呵，可以看下《巴比伦纪元》都是不错的大片，够你看的啦
08年最新喜剧片
《加州之王》08最新精彩大片
DVD中文字幕
《BBC:空中特勤组》DVD中字
精彩不容错过
《钓个金龟婿》
DVD中字幕(美国2008爱情喜剧片)
《超级杯奶爸》08最新喜剧大片DVD中字
《龙过鼠年》（赵本山范伟08最新强档贺岁巨献）
《棒子老虎鸡》08最新香港喜剧片
《舞妓班》
(日本2008爆笑喜剧大片)
《狩猎聚会》（08美国最新动作喜剧片[抢先版]）
《岁岁平安》(牛莉陈佩斯联手打造08贺岁片)
《大学新生》(美国08最新青春喜剧)
《耳朵大有福》（范伟08贺岁片)
《图鉴上没有的虫子/图集上没有的虫子》
(日本2008最新喜剧片)
《金鼠报喜》(08潘长江、范伟爆笑贺岁巨献)
《鼠胆熊威》(08最新国产贺岁战争巨制)
《冲锋在前》(曾志伟
曾宝仪08喜剧)
《我叫刘跃进》(08最新国产喜剧片)
《遗愿清单/拿命开玩笑》（美国2008冒险喜剧片)
(DVD版)
《小鬼也灌篮》
(2008贺岁喜剧大片)
《007大战猪肉王子》
(胡戈2008贺岁片)
《谁都有秘密》(08众明星联手打造国产贺岁片)
《悍妇憨夫》
(宋丹丹2008贺岁大片)
《长江7号》隆重登场
绝对真实
（清晰版)
《丁克一族》(2008年国产贺岁喜剧新片—主演：斯琴高娃)
《一年到头》(08国产强档贺岁片)
《长江七号》(08周星驰贺岁巨制DVD版)
《好男不当兵》(08德国喜剧片)
《杀手便笺》(08美国最新恐怖喜剧片)
《胖男孩快跑》(08最新喜剧大片[DVD])
《这不是斯巴达》(08美国最新喜剧大片[DVD])
《婚礼2008》(08"石头"原班人马贺岁喜剧)
《第一个周日》(08美国最新喜剧)
《王牌制片家》(08喜剧大片[抢先版])
《充气娃娃之恋》(08最新高分喜剧)
《爱斗大》（08国产喜剧大片[DVD])
2008下半年好莱坞不容错过的电影
07月02日 《全民超人》
07月11日 《地狱男爵2》
07月18日 《蝙蝠侠6》
07月18日 《妈妈米娅》
07月25日 《X档案2》
08月01日 《木乃伊3》
08月01日 《其实你不懂他的心》
08月08日 《菠萝特快》
08月15日 《七龙珠》
10月03日 《刺杀希特勒》
10月10日 《谎言之躯》
10月10日 《圣安娜奇迹》
10月17日 《换子疑云》
10月24日 《游击》
10月31日 《肮脏伎俩》
11月07日 《微量情愫》
11月07日 《马达加斯加2》
11月14日 《澳大利亚》
11月21日 《哈利波特6》
11月28日 《返老还童》
11月28日 《虐童疑云》
12月05日 《生死朗读》
12月12日 《地球停转日》
12月19日 《革命之路》
12月25日 《睡前童话》
12月25日 《星舰前传》
刺客联盟
抢先中字
全民超人国语清晰
军机军鸡
精舞门
新七龙珠
真人版
宿命
再见古惑仔
扣篮对决
纳尼亚传奇2
老师嫁老大(国语版)
大兵保镖
江山美人
神奇的绿巨人2
奇幻精灵历险记
网球王子(真人版)
钢铁侠国语
功夫之王
霍顿与无名氏
功夫熊猫
在线观看地址
文雀[TS]
暴劫火车
跆拳道;z=10
x档案2_我要相信TS
2012世界末日
木乃伊3龙帝之墓
DVD
木乃伊3龙帝之墓
DVD
战争游戏
死亡密码
蝙蝠侠6：黑暗骑士
中字
;z=10
地狱男爵2
：黄金军团
蝎子王2_勇士的崛起
刺客联盟DVD
危机24小时
;z=10
十全九美DVD
十全九美DVD
极限救援
风云决
DVD
赤壁
DVD
精舞门
新七龙珠
真人版
再见古惑仔
历届奥斯卡最佳影片（附提名）——
2008（80届）
获奖
《No Country for Old Men》老无所依
提名
《Atonement》赎罪
《Michael Clayton》迈克尔·克莱顿
《There Will Be Blood》血色将至
《Juneau》朱诺
2007（79届)
获奖
《The Departed》(2006)无间道风云
提名
《Little Miss Sunshine》阳光小美女
《Letters from Iwo Jima》硫磺岛家书
《The Queen》女王
《Babe》通天塔
2006（78届）
获奖
Crash（2004）撞车
提名
Capote（2005）卡波特
Brokeback Mountain（2005）断背山
Good Night And Good Luck（2005）晚安，好运
Munich（2005）慕尼黑
2005（77届）
获奖
Million Dollar Baby （2004）百万美元宝贝
提名
The Aviator （2004）飞行者
Sideways （2004）杯酒人生
Finding Neverland （2004）寻找梦幻岛
Ray（2004）雷
2004（76届）
获奖
The Lord of the Rings: The Return of The King (2003) 指环王III：王者回归
提名
Lost in Translation (2003) 迷失东京
Master And Commander:The Far Side of the World (2003) 怒海争锋
Mystic River (2003) 神秘河
Seabiscuit (2003) 奔腾年代
2003（75届）
获奖
Chicago (2002) 芝加哥
提名
The Pianist (2002) 钢琴师
Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (2002) 指环王II:双塔奇兵
The Hours(2002) 时时刻刻
Gangs of New York (2002) 纽约黑帮
2002（74届）
获奖
A Beautiful Mind (2001) 美丽心灵
提名
Moulin Rouge! (2001) 红磨坊
Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (2001) 指环王I：魔戒初现
In the Bedroom (2001) 意外边缘
Gosford Park (2001) 高斯弗庄园
2001（73届）
获奖
Gladiator (2000) 角斗士
提名
Crouching Tiger Hidden Dragon (2000) 卧虎藏龙
Traffic (2000) 毒品网络
Erin Brockovich (2000) 永不妥协
Chocolat (2000) 浓情巧克力
2000（72届）
获奖
American Beauty (1999) 美国丽人
提名
The Sixth Sense (1999) 灵异第六感
The Insider (1999) 惊爆内幕
The Green Mile (1999) 绿色奇迹
The Cider House Rules (1999) 总有骄阳
1999（71届）
获奖
Shakespeare in Love (1998) 莎翁情史
提名
La Vita è bella (1997) 美丽人生
The Thin Red Line (1998) 红色警戒
Saving Private Ryan (1998) 拯救大兵瑞恩
Elizabeth (1998) 伊莉莎白
1998（70届）
获奖
Titanic (1997) 泰坦尼克号
提名
L.A. Confidential (1997) 洛城机密
Good Will Hunting (1997) 骄阳似我
The Full Monty (1997) 一脱到底
As Good As It Gets (1997) 尽善尽美
1997（69届）
获奖
The English Patient (1996) 英国病人
提名
Shine (1996) 闪亮的风采
Secrets Lies (1996) 秘密与谎言
Jerry Maguire (1996) 甜心先生 Fargo (1996) 雪花膏离奇命案
1996（68届）
获奖
Braveheart (1995) 勇敢的心
提名
Sense and Sensibility (1995) 理智与情感 Il Postino (1994) 邮差
Babe (1995) 小猪宝贝
Apollo 13 (1995) 阿波罗13号
1995（67届）
获奖
Forrest Gump (1994) 阿甘正传
提名
The Shawshank Redemption (1994) 肖申克的救赎
Quiz Show (1994) 机智问答
Pulp Fiction (1994) 低俗小说
Four Weddings and a Funeral (1994) 四个婚礼和一个葬礼
1994（66届）
获奖
Schindler's List (1993) 辛德勒的名单
提名
The Remains of the Day (1993) 告别有情天
Piano, The (1993) 钢琴课
In the Name of the Father (1993) 因父之名
The Fugitive (1993) 亡命天涯
1993（65届）
获奖
Unforgiven (1992) 不可饶恕
提名
Scent of a Woman (1992) 闻香识女人
Howards End (1992) 此情可问天
A Few Good Men (1992) 义海雄风
The Crying Game (1992) 哭泣游戏
1992（64届）
获奖
The Silence of the Lambs (1991) 沉默的羔羊
提名
The Prince of Tides (1991) 潮浪王子
JFK (1991) 惊天大刺杀
Bugsy (1991) 一代情枭毕斯
Beauty and the Beast (1991) 美女与野兽
1991（63届）
获奖
Dances with Wolves (1990) 与狼共舞
提名
Goodfellas (1990) 好家伙
The Godfather: Part III (1990) 教父III
Ghost (1990) 人鬼情未了
Awakenings (1990) 无语问苍天
1990（62届）
获奖
Driving Miss Daisy (1989) 为戴茜小姐开车
提名
My Left Foot (1989) 我的左脚
Field of Dreams (1989) 梦幻之地
Dead Poets Society (1989) 死亡诗社
Born on the Fourth of July (1989) 生于七月四日
1989（61届）
获奖
Rain Man (1988) 雨人
提名
Working Girl (1988) 上班女郎
Mississippi Burning (1988) 烈血暴潮
Dangerous Liaisons (1988) 危险关系
The Accidental Tourist (1988) 意外的旅客
1988（60届）
获奖
The Last Emperor (1987) 末代皇帝
提名
Moonstruck (1987) 月色撩人
Hope and Glory (1987) 希望与荣耀
Fatal Attraction (1987) 致命的吸引力
Broadcast News (1987) 收播新闻
1987（59届）
获奖
Platoon (1986) 野战排
提名
A Room with a View (1986) 看得见风景的房间
The Mission (1986) 教会
Hannah and Her Sisters (1986) 汉娜姐妹
Children of a Lesser God (1986) 悲怜上帝的女儿
1986（58届）
获奖
Out of Africa (1985) 走出非洲
提名
Witness (1985) 证人
Prizzi's Honor (1985) 普里兹家族的荣誉
Kiss of the Spider Woman (1985) 蜘蛛女之吻
The Color Purple (1985) 紫色
1985（57届）
获奖
Amadeus (1984) 莫扎特传
提名
A Soldier's Story (1984) 大兵
Places in the Heart (1984) 我心深处
A Passage to India (1984) 印度之行
The Killing Fields (1984) 战火屠城
1984（56届）
获奖
Terms of Endearment (1983) 母女情深
提名
Tender Mercies (1983) 温柔的怜悯
The Right Stuff (1983) 征空先锋
The Dresser (1983) 近身
The Big Chill (1983) 山水又相逢
1983（55届）
获奖
Gandhi (1982) 甘地传
提名
The Verdict(1982) 大审判
Tootsie (1982) 窈窕淑男
Missing (1982) 失踪
E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982) 外星人E.T.
1982（54届）
获奖
Chariots of Fire (1981) 火的战车
提名
Reds (1981) 烽火赤焰万里情
Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981) 夺宝奇兵
On Golden Pond (1981) 金色池塘
Atlantic City (1980) 大西洋城
1981（53届）
获奖
Ordinary People (1980) 普通人
提名
Tess (1979) 苔丝
Raging Bull (1980) 愤怒的公牛
The Elephant Man (1980) 象人
Coal Miner's Daughter (1980) 矿工的女儿
1980（52届）
获奖
Kramer vs. Kramer (1979) 克莱默夫妇
提名
Norma Rae (1979) 诺玛蕊
Breaking Away (1979) 突破
Apocalypse Now (1979) 现代启示录
All That Jazz (1979) 浮生若梦
1979（51届）
获奖
The Deer Hunter (1978) 猎鹿人
提名
An Unmarried Woman (1978) 不结婚的女人
Midnight Express (1978) 午夜快车
Heaven Can Wait (1978) 天堂可以等待
Coming Home (1978) 返乡
1978（50届）
获奖
Annie Hall (1977) 安妮·霍尔
提名
The Turning Point (1977) 转折点
Star Wars (1977) 星球大战
Julia (1977) 茱莉亚
The Goodbye Girl (1977) 再见女郎
1977（49届）
获奖
Rocky (1976) 洛奇
提名
Taxi Driver (1976) 的士司机
Network (1976) 电视台风云
Bound for Glory (1976) 奔向光荣
All the President's Men (1976) 惊天大阴谋
1976（48届）
获奖
One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975) 飞越疯人院
提名
Nashville (1975) 纳斯维尔
Jaws (1975) 大白鲨
Dog Day Afternoon (1975) 炎热的下午
Barry Lyndon (1975) 乱世儿女
1975（47届）
获奖
The Godfather: Part II (1974) 教父II
提名
The Towering Inferno (1974) 火烧摩天楼
Lenny (1974) 连尼传
The Conversation (1974) 对话
Chinatown (1974) 唐人街
1974（46届）
获奖
The Sting (1973) 骗中骗
提名
Viskningar och rop (1972) 哭泣与耳语
A Touch of Class (1973) 金屋春宵
The Exorcist (1973) 驱魔人
American Graffiti (1973) 美国风情画
1973（45届）
获奖
The Godfather (1972) 教父
提名
Utvandrarna (1971) 大移民
Sounder (1972) 儿子离家时
Deliverance (1972) 激流四勇士
Cabaret (1972) 歌厅
1972（44届）
获奖
The French Connection (1971) 法国贩毒网
提名
Nicholas and Alexandra (1971) 俄宫秘史
The Last Picture Show (1971) 最后一场电影
Fiddler on the Roof (1971) 屋顶上的小提琴手
A Clockwork Orange (1971) 发条橙
1971（43届）
获奖
Patton (1970) 巴顿将军
提名
MASH (1970) 风流医生俏护士
Love Story (1970) 爱情故事
Five Easy Pieces (1970) 五只歌
Airport (1970) 国际机场
1970（42届）
获奖
Midnight Cowboy (1969) 午夜牛郎
提名
Z (1969) 大风暴
Hello, Dolly! (1969) 俏红娘
Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid (1969) 虎豹小霸王
Anne of the Thousand Days (1969) 安妮的一千日
1969（41届）
获奖
Oliver! (1968) 雾都孤儿
提名
Romeo and Juliet (1968) 殉情记
Rachel, Rachel (1968) 巧妇怨
The Lion in Winter (1968) 冬狮
Funny Girl (1968) 妙女郎
1968（40届）
获奖
In the Heat of the Night (1967) 炎热的夜晚
提名
Guess Who's Coming to Dinner (1967) 猜猜谁来吃晚餐
The Graduate (1967) 毕业生
Doctor Dolittle (1967) 杜立德医生
Bonnie and Clyde (1967) 雌雄大盗
1967（39届）
获奖
A Man for All Seasons (1966) 日月精忠
提名
Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1966) 灵欲春宵
The Sand Pebbles (1966) 圣保罗号炮艇
The Russians Are Coming, The Russians Are Coming (1966) 俄国人来了
Alfie (1966) 风流奇男子
1966（38届）
获奖
The Sound of Music (1965) 音乐之声
提名
A Thousand Clowns (1965) 一千个小丑
Ship of Fools (1965) 愚人船
Doctor Zhivago (1965) 日瓦戈医生
Darling (1965) 亲爱的
1965（37届）
获奖
My Fair Lady (1964) 窈窕淑女
提名
Mary Poppins (1964) 欢乐满人间
Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb (1964) 奇爱博士
Becket (1964) 雄霸天下
Alexis Zorbas (1964) 希腊人左巴
1964（36届）
获奖
Tom Jones (1963) 汤姆琼斯
提名
Lilies of the Field (1963) 野百合
How the West Was Won (1962) 西部开拓史
Cleopatra (1963) 埃及艳后
America, America (1963) 美国、美国
1963（35届）
获奖
Lawrence of Arabia (1962) 阿拉伯的劳伦斯
提名
To Kill a Mockingbird (1962) 杀死一只知更鸟
Mutiny on the Bounty (1962) 叛舰喋血记
The Music Man (1962) 欢乐音乐妙无穷
The Longest Day (1962) 最长的一天
1962（34届）
获奖
West Side Story (1961) 西区故事
提名
Judgment at Nuremberg (1961) 纽伦堡的审判
The Hustler (1961) 江湖浪子
The Guns of Navarone (1961) 纳瓦隆大炮
Fanny (1961) 春宵花月夜
1961（33届）
获奖
The Apartment (1960) 公寓春光
提名
The Sundowners (1960) 夕阳西下
Sons and Lovers (1960) 儿子与情人
Elmer Gantry (1960) 灵与欲
The Alamo (1960) 边城英烈传
1960（32届）
获奖
Ben-Hur (1959) 宾虚
提名
Room at the Top (1959) 金屋泪
The Nun's Story (1959) 修女传
The Diary of Anne Frank (1959) 安妮日记
Anatomy of a Murder (1959) 桃色血案
1959（31届）
获奖
Gigi (1958) 金粉世界
提名
Separate Tables (1958) 鸳鸯谱
The Defiant Ones (1958) 逃狱惊魂
Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (1958) 朱门巧妇
Auntie Mame (1958) 玛咪姑妈
1958（30届）
获奖
The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957) 桂河大桥
提名
Witness for the Prosecution (1957) 控方证人
Sayonara (1957) 樱花恋
Peyton Place (1957) 冷暖人间
12 Angry Men (1957) 十二怒汉
1957（29届）
获奖
Around the World in Eighty Days (1956) 八十日环游世界
提名
The Ten Commandments (1956) 十诫
The King and I (1956) 国王与我
Giant (1956) 巨人传
Friendly Persuasion (1956) 四海一家
1956（28届）
获奖
Marty (1955) 马蒂
提名
The Rose Tattoo (1955) 玫瑰梦
Picnic (1955) 野宴
Mister Roberts (1955) 罗伯茨先生
Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing (1955) 爱情多么美好
1955（27届）
获奖
On the Waterfront (1954) 码头风云
提名
Three Coins in the Fountain (1954) 泉水中的三枚硬币
Seven Brides for Seven Brothers (1954) 七对佳偶
The Country Girl (1954) 乡下姑娘
The Caine Mutiny (1954) 凯恩舰叛变
1954（26届）
获奖
From Here to Eternity (1953) 乱世忠魂
提名
Shane (1953) 原野奇侠
Roman Holiday (1953) 罗马假日
The Robe (1953) 圣袍千秋
Julius Caesar (1953) 恺撒大帝
1953（25届）
获奖
The Greatest Show on Earth (1952) 戏王之王
提名
The Quiet Man (1952) 平静的人
Moulin Rouge (1952) 青楼情孽
Ivanhoe (1952) 劫后英雄传
High Noon (1952) 正午
1952（24届）
获奖
An American in Paris (1951) 花都艳舞
提名
A Streetcar Named Desire (1951) 欲望号街车
Quo Vadis? (1951) 暴君焚城录
A Place in the Sun (1951) 郎心如铁
Decision Before Dawn (1951) 血战莱茵河
1951（23届）
获奖
All About Eve (1950) 彗星美人
提名
Sunset Blvd. (1950) 日落大道
King Solomon's Mines (1950) 所罗王宝藏
Father of the Bride (1950) 岳父大人
Born Yesterday (1950) 绛帐海堂春
1950（22届）
获奖
All the King's Men (1949) 当代奸雄
提名
Twelve O'Clock High (1949) 晴空血战史
A Letter to Three Wives (1949) 三妻艳史
The Heiress (1949) 千金小姐
Battleground (1949) 战场
1949（21届）
获奖
Hamlet (1948) 王子复仇记
提名
The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (1948) 碧血金沙
Snake Pit, The (1948) 毒龙潭
Red Shoes, The (1948) 红菱艳
Johnny Belinda (1948) 心声泪影
1948（20届）
获奖
Gentleman's Agreement (1947) 君子协定
提名
Miracle on 34th Street (1947) 梦幻街奇缘
Great Expectations (1946) 孤星血泪
Crossfire (1947) 双雄斗智
The Bishop's Wife (1947) 主教之妻
1947（19届）
获奖
Best Years of Our Lives, The (1946) 黄金时代
提名
The Yearling (1946) 鹿苑长春
The Razor's Edge (1946) 剃刀边缘
It's a Wonderful Life (1946) 风云人物
Henry V (1944) 亨利五世
1946（18届）
获奖
The Lost Weekend (1945) 失去的周末
提名
Spellbound (1945) 爱德华医生
Mildred Pierce (1945) 欲海情魔
The Bells of St. Mary's (1945) 圣玛丽的钟声
Anchors Aweigh (1945) 翠风艳曲
1945（17届）
获奖
Going My Way (1944) 与我同行
提名
Wilson (1944) 威尔逊总统传
Since You Went Away (1944) 自君别后
Gaslight (1944) 煤气灯下
Double Indemnity (1944) 双重保险
1944（16届）
获奖
Casablanca (1942) 卡萨布兰卡
提名
Watch on the Rhine (1943) 守卫莱茵河
The Song of Bernadette (1943) 圣女之歌
The Ox-Bow Incident (1943) 龙城风云
The More the Merrier (1943) 小姑居处
Madame Curie (1943) 居里夫人
In Which We Serve (1942) 与祖国同在
The Human Comedy (1943) 小镇的天空
Heaven Can Wait (1943) 天长地久
For Whom the Bell Tolls (1943) 战地钟声
1943（15届）
获奖
Mrs. Miniver (1942) 忠勇之家
提名
Yankee Doodle Dandy (1942) 胜利之歌
Wake Island (1942) 复活鸟
The Talk of the Town (1942) 慈母泪
Random Harvest (1942) 断肠云雨
The Pride of the Yankees (1942) 扬基的骄傲
The Pied Piper (1942) 仙笛神童
The Magnificent Ambersons (1942) 伟大的安巴逊大族
Kings Row (1942)
Forty-Ninth Parallel (1941) 魔影袭人来
1942（14届）
获奖
How Green Was My Valley (1941) 青山翠谷
提名
Suspicion (1941) 深闺疑云
Sergeant York (1941) 约克军曹
One Foot in Heaven (1941)
The Maltese Falcon (1941) 枭巢喋血战
The Little Foxes (1941) 小狐狸
Hold Back the Dawn (1941) 良宵苦短
Here Comes Mr. Jordan (1941) 佐丹先生出马
Citizen Kane (1941) 公民凯恩
Blossoms In the Dust (1941) 落花飘零
1941（13届）
获奖
Rebecca (1940) 蝴蝶梦
提名
The Philadelphia Story (1940) 费城故事
Our Town (1940) 我们的小镇
The Long Voyage Home (1940) 天涯路
The Letter (1940) 香笺泪
Kitty Foyle: The Natural History of a Woman (1940) 女人万岁
The Great Dictator (1940) 大独裁者
The Grapes of Wrath (1940) 愤怒的葡萄
Foreign Correspondent (1940) 海外特派员
All This, and Heaven Too (1940) 卿何遵命
1940（12届）
获奖
Gone with the Wind (1939) 乱世佳人
提名
Wuthering Heights (1939) 呼啸山庄
The Wizard of Oz (1939) 绿野仙踪
Stagecoach (1939) 关山飞渡
Of Mice and Men (1939) 人鼠之间
Ninotchka (1939) 异国鸳鸯
Mr. Smith Goes to Washington (1939) 史密斯游美京
Love Affair (1939) 爱情事件
Goodbye, Mr. Chips (1939) 万世师表
Dark Victory (1939) 黑暗的胜利
1939（11届）
获奖
You Can't Take It with You (1938) 浮生若梦
提名
Test Pilot (1938) 试验飞行员
Pygmalion (1938) 窈窕淑女
Jezebel (1938) 红衫泪痕
La Grande illusion (1937) 大幻影
Four Daughters (1938) 四千金
The Citadel (1938) 卫城记
Boys Town (1938) 孤儿乐园
Alexander's Ragtime Band (1938) 亚历山大的爵士乐队
The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938) 罗宾汉历险记
1938（10届）
获奖
The Life of Emile Zola (1937) 左拉传
提名
A Star Is Born (1937) 一个明星的诞生
Stage Door (1937) 摘星梦难圆
One Hundred Men and a Girl (1937)
Lost Horizon (1937) 消失在地平线
In Old Chicago (1937) 芝加哥大火记
The Good Earth (1937) 大地
Dead End (1937) 死角
Captains Courageous (1937) 怒海余生
The Awful Truth (1937) 春闺风月
1937（9届）
获奖
The Great Ziegfeld (1936) 歌舞大王齐格飞
提名
Three Smart Girls (1936) 春闺三凤
A Tale of Two Cities (1935) 双城记
The Story of Louis Pasteur (1936) 万世流芳
San Francisco (1936) 火烧旧金山
Romeo and Juliet (1936) 罗密欧与朱丽叶
Mr. Deeds Goes to Town (1936) 迪兹先生进城
Libeled Lady (1936) 假戏真做
Dodsworth (1936) 孔雀夫人
Anthony Adverse (1936) 风流世家
1936（8届）
获奖
Mutiny on the Bounty (1935) 叛舰喋血记
提名
Top Hat (1935) 礼帽
Ruggles of Red Gap (1935) 风雨血痕
The Personal History, Adventures, Experience, Observation of David Copperfield the Younger (1935) 大卫．科伯菲尔德
Naughty Marietta (1935) 淘气的玛丽达
Les Misérables (1935) 悲惨世界
A Midsummer Night's Dream (1935) 仲夏夜之梦
The Lives of a Bengal Lancer (1935) 抗敌英雄
The Informer (1935) 告密者
Captain Blood (1935) 船长血
Broadway Melody of 1936 (1935)
Alice Adams (1935) 寂寞芳心
1935（7届）
获奖
It Happened One Night (1934) 一夜风流
提名
The White Parade (1934)
Viva Villa! (1934) 自由万岁
The Thin Man (1934) 瘦子
One Night of Love (1934) 一夜爱情
Imitation of Life (1934)
The House of Rothschild (1934)
Here Comes the Navy (1934)
The Gay Divorcee (1934) 柳暗花明
Flirtation Walk (1934)
Cleopatra (1934) 埃及艳后
The Barretts of Wimpole Street (1934) 红楼春怨
1934（6届）
获奖
Cavalcade (1933) 乱世春秋
提名
State Fair (1933) 爱州博览会
Smilin' Through (1932)
She Done Him Wrong (1933) 侬本多情
The Private Life of Henry VIII (1933) 亨利八世的私生活
Little Women (1933) 小妇人
Lady for a Day (1933) 一日贵妇
I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang (1932) 逃亡
A Farewell to Arms (1932) 告别武器
42nd Street (1933) 第四十二街
1932（5届）
获奖
Grand Hotel (1932) 大饭店
提名
The Smiling Lieutenant (1931)
Shanghai Express (1932) 上海快车
One Hour with You (1932)
Five Star Final (1931)
The Champ(1931) 舐犊情深
Bad Girl (1931) 坏女郎
Arrowsmith (1931)
1931（4届）
获奖
Cimarron (1931) 壮志千秋
提名
Trader Horn (1931) 大探险
Skippy (1931) 淘哥儿
The Front Page (1931) 犯罪的都市
East Lynne (1931)
1930（3届）
获奖
All Quiet on the Western Front (1930) 西线无战事
提名
The Love Parade (1929) 璇宫艳史
The Divorcee (1930) 弃妇怨
Disraeli (1929) 英宫外史
The Big House (1930) 牢狱鸳
1929（2届）
获奖
The Broadway Melody (1929) 百老汇歌舞
提名
The Patriot (1928) 爱国者
In Old Arizona (1929) 亚利桑那奇侠
The Hollywood Revue of 1929 (1929)
Alibi (1929)
1928（1届）
获奖
Sunrise (1927) 日出
Wings (1927) 翼
提名
Seventh Heaven (1927) 七重天
The Crowd (1928) 群众
The Racket (1928)
Chang (1927)
00:00
First, a video.
Yes, it is a scrambled egg.
But as you look at it, I hope you'll begin to feel just slightly uneasy.
Because you may notice that what's actually happening is that the egg is unscrambling itself.
And you'll now see the yolk and the white have separated.
And now they're going to be poured back into the egg.
And we all know in our heart of hearts that this is not the way the universe works.
A scrambled egg is mush -- tasty mush -- but it's mush.
An egg is a beautiful, sophisticated thing that can create even more sophisticated things, such as chickens.
And we know in our heart of hearts that the universe does not travel from mush to complexity.
In fact, this gut instinct is reflected in one of the most fundamental laws of physics, the second law of thermodynamics, or the law of entropy.
What that says basically is that the general tendency of the universe
is to move from order and structure to lack of order, lack of structure -- in fact, to mush.
And that's why that video feels a bit strange.
01:20
And yet, look around us.
What we see around us is staggering complexity.
Eric Beinhocker estimates that in New York City alone, there are some 10 billion SKUs, or distinct commodities, being traded.
That's hundreds of times as many species as there are on Earth.
And they're being traded by a species of almost seven billion individuals,
who are linked by trade, travel, and the Internet into a global system of stupendous complexity.
01:52
So here's a great puzzle:
in a universe ruled by the second law of thermodynamics,
how is it possible to generate the sort of complexity I've described,
the sort of complexity represented by you and me and the convention center?
Well, the answer seems to be, the universe can create complexity, but with great difficulty.
In pockets, there appear what my colleague, Fred Spier, calls "Goldilocks conditions"
-- not too hot, not too cold, just right for the creation of complexity.
And slightly more complex things appear.
And where you have slightly more complex things, you can get slightly more complex things.
And in this way, complexity builds stage by stage.
Each stage is magical because it creates the impression of something utterly newappearing almost out of nowhere in the universe.
We refer in big history to these moments as threshold moments.
And at each threshold, the going gets tougher.
The complex things get more fragile, more vulnerable;
the Goldilocks conditions get more stringent,
and it's more difficult to create complexity.
03:09
Now, we, as extremely complex creatures, desperately need to know this story of how the universe creates complexity despite the second law,
and why complexity means vulnerability and fragility.
And that's the story that we tell in big history.
But to do it, you have do something that may, at first sight, seem completely impossible.
You have to survey the whole history of the universe.
So let's do it.
03:39
(Laughter)
03:40
Let's begin by winding the timeline back 13.7 billion years, to the beginning of time.
03:57
Around us, there's nothing.
There's not even time or space.
Imagine the darkest, emptiest thing you can
and cube it a gazillion times and that's where we are.
And then suddenly, bang! A universe appears, an entire universe. And we've crossed our first threshold.
The universe is tiny; it's smaller than an atom. It's incredibly hot.
It contains everything that's in today's universe, so you can imagine, it's busting.
And it's expanding at incredible speed.
And at first, it's just a blur, but very quickly distinct things begin to appear in that blur.
Within the first second, energy itself shatters into distinct forces including electromagnetism and gravity.
And energy does something else quite magical: it congeals to form matter
-- quarks that will create protons and leptons that include electrons.
And all of that happens in the first second.
04:54
Now we move forward 380,000 years.
That's twice as long as humans have been on this planet.
And now simple atoms appear of hydrogen and helium.
Now I want to pause for a moment,
380,000 years after the origins of the universe, because we actually know quite a lot about the universe at this stage.
We know above all that it was extremely simple.
It consisted of huge clouds of hydrogen and helium atoms, and they have no structure.
They're really a sort of cosmic mush.
But that's not completely true.
Recent studies by satellites such as the WMAP satellite have shown that, in fact, there are just tiny differences in that background.
What you see here, the blue areas are about a thousandth of a degree cooler than the red areas.
These are tiny differences, but it was enough for the universe to move on to the next stage of building complexity. And this is how it works.
05:53
Gravity is more powerful where there's more stuff.
So where you get slightly denser areas, gravity starts compacting clouds of hydrogen and helium atoms.
So we can imagine the early universe breaking up into a billion clouds.
And each cloud is compacted, gravity gets more powerful as density increases,
the temperature begins to rise at the center of each cloud,
and then, at the center, the temperature crosses the threshold temperature of 10 million degrees,
protons start to fuse, there's a huge release of energy, and -- bam! We have our first stars.
From about 200 million years after the Big Bang, stars begin to appear all through the universe, billions of them.
And the universe is now significantly more interesting and more complex.
06:47
Stars will create the Goldilocks conditions for crossing two new thresholds.
When very large stars die, they create temperatures so high
that protons begin to fuse in all sorts of exotic combinations, to form all the elements of the periodic table.
If, like me, you're wearing a gold ring, it was forged in a supernova explosion.
So now the universe is chemically more complex.
And in a chemically more complex universe, it's possible to make more things.
And what starts happening is that, around young suns,young stars,
all these elements combine, they swirl around, the energy of the star stirs them around,
they form particles, they form snowflakes, they form little dust motes, they form rocks,
they form asteroids, and eventually, they form planets and moons.
And that is how our solar system was formed, four and a half billion years ago.
Rocky planets like our Earth are significantly more complex than stars because they contain a much greater diversity of materials.
So we've crossed a fourth threshold of complexity.
07:57
Now, the going gets tougher.
The next stage introduces entities that are significantly more fragile, significantly more vulnerable,
but they're also much more creative and much more capable of generating further complexity.
I'm talking, of course, about living organisms.
Living organisms are created by chemistry. We are huge packages of chemicals.
So, chemistry is dominated by the electromagnetic force.
That operates over smaller scales than gravity, which explains why you and I are smaller than stars or planets.
Now, what are the ideal conditions for chemistry?
What are the Goldilocks conditions? Well, first, you need energy, but not too much.
In the center of a star, there's so much energy that any atoms that combine will just get busted apart again.
But not too little.
In intergalactic space, there's so little energy that atoms can't combine.
What you want is just the right amount, and planets, it turns out, are just right, because they're close to stars, but not too close.
09:00
You also need a great diversity of chemical elements, and you need liquids, such as water. Why?
Well, in gases, atoms move past each other so fast that they can't hitch up.
In solids, atoms are stuck together, they can't move.
In liquids, they can cruise and cuddle and link up to form molecules.
Now, where do you find such Goldilocks conditions?
Well, planets are great, and our early Earth was almost perfect.
It was just the right distance from its star to contain huge oceans of liquid water.
And deep beneath those oceans, at cracks in the Earth's crust,
you've got heat seeping up from inside the Earth, and you've got a great diversity of elements.
So at those deep oceanic vents, fantastic chemistry began to happen, and atoms combined in all sorts of exotic combinations.
09:57
But of course, life is more than just exotic chemistry.
How do you stabilize those huge molecules that seem to be viable?
Well, it's here that life introduces an entirely new trick.
You don't stabilize the individual;
you stabilize the template, the thing that carries information, and you allow the template to copy itself.
And DNA, of course, is the beautiful molecule that contains that information.
You'll be familiar with the double helix of DNA. Each rung contains information.
So, DNA contains information about how to make living organisms.
And DNA also copies itself.
So, it copies itself and scatters the templates through the ocean.
So the information spreads. Notice that information has become part of our story.
The real beauty of DNA though is in its imperfections.
As it copies itself, once in every billion rungs, there tends to be an error.
And what that means is that DNA is, in effect, learning.
It's accumulating new ways of making living organisms because some of those errors work.
So DNA's learning and it's building greater diversity and greater complexity.
And we can see this happening over the last four billion years.
11:15
For most of that time of life on Earth, living organisms have been relatively simple -- single cells.
But they had great diversity, and, inside, great complexity.
Then from about 600 to 800 million years ago, multi-celled organisms appear.
You get fungi, you get fish, you get plants, you get amphibia, you get reptiles, and then, of course, you get the dinosaurs.
And occasionally, there are disasters.
Sixty-five million years ago, an asteroid landed on Earth near the Yucatan Peninsula,
creating conditions equivalent to those of a nuclear war, and the dinosaurs were wiped out.
Terrible news for the dinosaurs, but great news for our mammalian ancestors, who flourished in the niches left empty by the dinosaurs.
And we human beings are part of that creative evolutionary pulse that began 65 million years ago with the landing of an asteroid.
12:18
Humans appeared about 200,000 years ago.
And I believe we count as a threshold in this great story. Let me explain why.
We've seen that DNA learns in a sense, it accumulates information. But it is so slow.
DNA accumulates information through random errors, some of which just happen to work.
But DNA had actually generated a faster way of learning: it had produced organisms with brains, and those organisms can learn in real time.
They accumulate information, they learn.
The sad thing is, when they die, the information dies with them.
Now what makes humans different is human language.
We are blessed with a language, a system of communication, so powerful and so precise
that we can share what we've learned with such precisionthat it can accumulate in the collective memory.
And that means it can outlast the individuals who learned that information, and it can accumulate from generation to generation.
And that's why, as a species, we're so creative and so powerful, and that's why we have a history.
We seem to be the only species in four billion years to have this gift.
13:32
I call this ability collective learning. It's what makes us different.
We can see it at work in the earliest stages of human history.
We evolved as a species in the savanna lands of Africa,
but then you see humans migrating into new environments,
into desert lands, into jungles, into the Ice Age tundra of Siberia -- tough, tough environment -- into the Americas, into Australasia.
Each migration involved learning -- learning new ways of exploiting the environment, new ways of dealing with their surroundings.
14:04
Then 10,000 years ago, exploiting a sudden change in global climate with the end of the last ice age, humans learned to farm.
Farming was an energy bonanza.
And exploiting that energy, human populations multiplied. Human societies got larger, denser, more interconnected.
And then from about 500 years ago, humans began to link up globally through shipping, through trains,through telegraph, through the Internet,
until now we seem to form a single global brain of almost seven billion individuals.
And that brain is learning at warp speed.
And in the last 200 years, something else has happened. We've stumbled on another energy bonanza in fossil fuels.
So fossil fuels and collective learning together explain the staggering complexity we see around us.
15:01
So -- Here we are, back at the convention center.
We've been on a journey, a return journey, of 13.7 billion years.
I hope you agree this is a powerful story.
And it's a story in which humans play an astonishing and creative role.
But it also contains warnings.
Collective learning is a very, very powerful force, and it's not clear that we humans are in charge of it.
I remember very vividly as a child growing up in England, living through the Cuban Missile Crisis.
For a few days, the entire biosphere seemed to be on the verge of destruction.
And the same weapons are still here, and they are still armed.
If we avoid that trap, others are waiting for us.
We're burning fossil fuels at such a rate
that we seem to be undermining the Goldilocks conditions that made it possible for human civilizations to flourish over the last 10,000 years.
So what big history can do is show us the nature of our complexity and fragility and the dangers that face us,
but it can also show us our power with collective learning.
16:17
And now, finally -- this is what I want.
I want my grandson, Daniel, and his friends and his generation, throughout the world, to know the story of big history,
and to know it so well that they understand both the challenges that face us and the opportunities that face us.
And that's why a group of us are building a free, online syllabus in big history for high-school students throughout the world.
We believe that big history will be a vital intellectual tool for them,
as Daniel and his generation face the huge challenges and also the huge opportunities ahead of them
at this threshold moment in the history of our beautiful planet.
17:11
I thank you for your attention.
17:13
(Applause)
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